On April 22, 2026, the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) issued a final rule amending Regulation B – the implementing regulation of the Equal Credit Opportunity Act (ECOA). Building on the Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NPRM) issued on November 13, 2025, the final rule addresses three principal areas: (1) It clarifies that ECOA does not
On November 13, 2025, the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) released a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NPRM) amending Regulation B – the regulation implementing the Equal Credit Opportunity Act (ECOA). The proposed rule addresses three principal areas: (1) it clarifies that ECOA does not authorize disparate-impact liability; (2) it further defines “discouragement” under 12 CFR
Late last year, we predicted that the Trump administration would bring federal action to target de-banking, and on August 7, 2025, President Trump signed a much-anticipated executive order to address the issue. Banks and credit unions should now expect to feel the impact early on in the form of horizontal reviews and inquiries from their
With the recent developments at the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB), many mortgage lenders have been left wondering about the extent to which the CFPB will enforce federal laws governing the mortgage lending industry. Many industry participants expect a significant reduction in CFPB enforcement activity for the foreseeable future. While the states could ramp up
With changes in leadership eminent and changes in regulatory priorities likely to follow, the Department of Justice (DOJ) and the CFPB kicked off 2025 with a pair of significant fair lending actions. On January 7, 2025, the United States filed a complaint against The Mortgage Firm, Inc., alleging violations of the Equal Credit Opportunity Act
Amid recent technological advances in artificial intelligence and machine learning, on January 17, 2025, the CFPB issued its Winter 2025 Supervisory Highlights: Advanced Technologies Special Edition. This edition of Supervisory Highlights delivers critical industry reminders regarding the balance between regulatory requirements and technological innovation. As an appropriate summation of the CFPB’s overarching worldview, the
On July 11, 2024, the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit issued its highly anticipated decision in Consumer Financial Protection Bureau v. Townstone Financial, Inc., et al. In this pivotal decision, the Seventh Circuit reversed a prior ruling from the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois and held
On October 12, the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) and Department of Justice (DOJ) issued a joint statement emphasizing the risk associated with considering an applicant’s immigration status when making credit decisions. Specifically, the CFPB and DOJ emphasized that creditors should carefully consider how they use immigration status when accepting and evaluating applications and should
On September 19, the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) issued Circular 2023-03, which provides guidance as to how lenders must explain denials of applications of credit when the underwriting is based on artificial intelligence (AI) or complex credit models. The upshot of the guidance is that a lender that denies an application for credit
The FTC issued a release on October 18, 2022, to announce that it has initiated an enforcement action in Maryland against a Washington, D.C.-area auto dealer group, Passport Automotive Group, as well as two of its executives, Everett Hellmuth and Jay Klein. In the same release, the FTC announced that Passport, Hellmuth, and Klein have